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In professional sports, a salary cap (or wage cap) is an agreement or rule that places a limit on the amount of money that a team can spend on player salaries. The limit exists as a per-player limit or a total limit for the team's roster, or both. Several sports leagues have implemented salary caps, both as a method of keeping overall costs down, and to ensure parity between teams so wealthy teams cannot entrench dominance by signing many more top players than their rivals. Salary caps can be a major issue in negotiations between league management and players' unions, and have been the focus point of several strikes by players and lockouts by owners and administrators.〔http://amog.com/sports/101341-professional-sports-disputes/〕〔http://www.midwestsportsfans.com/2011/10/the-10-most-significant-pro-sports-strikes-and-lockouts/〕 ==Adoption== Salary caps are used by the following major sports leagues around the world: * North America: The National Hockey League, National Football League, Major League Soccer, Major League Baseball (luxury tax, see below), National Lacrosse League, Canadian Football League, National Basketball Association and minor leagues in various sports. * United Kingdom: * * In England, the top-level leagues in both rugby codes—the Aviva Premiership in rugby union and the Super League in rugby league—have salary caps. * * The four Welsh regional sides in rugby union's Pro12 unilaterally adopted a salary cap effective with the 2012–13 season. * Australia and New Zealand: Most major leagues operating in the two countries have salary cap provisions: * * The Australian Football League (Australian rules football), which operates only in Australia. * * The National Rugby League (rugby league), A-League (football (soccer)) and National Basketball League, each of which is based in Australia but has one team in New Zealand. * * The ANZ Championship in netball, which has 10 teams evenly divided between the two countries. * * In rugby union, New Zealand's ITM Cup is capped. In addition, the Australian teams in the Super Rugby competition operate under a unilaterally adopted cap (teams from the other two SANZAR countries, New Zealand and South Africa, are not subject to any cap at present, although New Zealand does impose a cap and floor on individual player salaries). * Eurasia: The Kontinental Hockey League, based in Russia and also including teams in Belarus, Croatia, Finland, Kazakhstan, Latvia and Slovakia, has operated with a salary cap since its creation in 2008. * France: The country's top-level rugby union league, Top 14, instituted a salary cap effective with the 2010–11 season. Recently, several European association football leagues have also discussed introducing salary caps. The Union of European Football Associations introduced a set of Financial Fair Play Regulations in 2011, which limits football clubs' spending relative to their income. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「salary cap」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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